Tuesday, 26 March 2013

Veterinary Female Genital Tract (Animal)


Female Genital Tract

 Ovary —  source of ova & hormones (estrogen and during a      
                        pregnancy progesterone (CL))


Uterine tube:( Oviduct; “Fallopian tube” )


 - Exits laterally from uterine horn (extends cranially, arcs      

     ventrally, runs caudally, hooks dorsomedially)


-         Terminates medial to ovary in a funnel-shaped infundibulum  

that has fimbriae (villi) 

Uterus:


           1. Cervix  —short, thick muscular wall & narrow  canal

           2. Body  — relatively short in carnivores       

           3. Uterine horns — paired, relatively long

          
Vagina:

  - extends from the vestibule to a fornix at the level of the cervix
  - displays longitudinal folds when not expanded


 Vestibule: 
  - extends from vulval cleft to the transverse fold (hymen) that

     marks the vestibulo-vaginal junction


  - receives the external urethral opening, on a tubercle (dog) or in

     a slit (cat)

        

  - constrictor vestibuli m. (striated) is in the wall of the vestibule

         

  - the wall contains vestibular glands (mucous) — a major

     vestibular gland in the cat

        

-         in the dog, the wall contains an accumulation of erectile tissue = vestibular bulb


Clitoris:    homologue of the penis

         

  - located deep (cranial) to the fossa of the clitoris


  - composed of:  glans = erectile tissue

                             body = fat in a connective tissue capsule

                             crus  = scant erectile  tissue enclosed in        

                                         fibrous c.t.( right & left crura)


Vulva:

   - is composed of left & right labia which bound a vulval cleft

   - constrictor vulvae   m. (striated) is in the wall of each  labium      

   - an indentation, the fossa of the clitoris, is present ventrally



Ligaments associated with the female genital tract:


  1) suspensory ligament of the ovary — extends from ovary to

       dorsal body wall


  2) proper ligament of the ovary — extends between ovary &

       cranial end of uterine horn


  3) round ligament of the uterus — extends from cranial end of

       uterine horn thru inguinal canal


  4) broad ligament (lateral ligament of uterus), which has the

       following subdivisions:


           a) mesometrium;    b) mesovarium;    c) mesosalpinx


0 comments:

Post a Comment

Products :