Female Genital Tract
Ovary — source of ova & hormones (estrogen and during a
pregnancy progesterone (CL))
Uterine tube:( Oviduct; “Fallopian tube” )
- Exits laterally from uterine horn (extends cranially, arcs
ventrally, runs caudally, hooks dorsomedially)
- Terminates medial to ovary in a funnel-shaped infundibulum
that has fimbriae (villi)
Uterus:
1. Cervix —short, thick muscular wall & narrow canal
2. Body — relatively short in carnivores
3. Uterine horns — paired, relatively long
Vagina:
- extends from the vestibule to a fornix at the level of the cervix
- displays longitudinal folds when not expanded
Vestibule:
- extends from vulval cleft to the transverse fold (hymen) that
marks the vestibulo-vaginal junction
- receives the external urethral opening, on a tubercle (dog) or in
a slit (cat)
- constrictor vestibuli m. (striated) is in the wall of the vestibule
- the wall contains vestibular glands (mucous) — a major
vestibular gland in the cat
- in the dog, the wall contains an accumulation of erectile tissue = vestibular bulb
Clitoris: homologue of the penis
- located deep (cranial) to the fossa of the clitoris
- composed of: glans = erectile tissue
body = fat in a connective tissue capsule
crus = scant erectile tissue enclosed in
fibrous c.t.( right & left crura)
Vulva:
- is composed of left & right labia which bound a vulval cleft
- constrictor vulvae m. (striated) is in the wall of each labium
- an indentation, the fossa of the clitoris, is present ventrally
Ligaments associated with the female genital tract:
1) suspensory ligament of the ovary — extends from ovary to
dorsal body wall
2) proper ligament of the ovary — extends between ovary &
cranial end of uterine horn
3) round ligament of the uterus — extends from cranial end of
uterine horn thru inguinal canal
4) broad ligament (lateral ligament of uterus), which has the
following subdivisions:
a) mesometrium; b) mesovarium; c) mesosalpinx
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